Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 60 psoriasis susceptibility loci, and further understanding of these triggers and their mechanisms is essential for developing new therapies. This review explores both extrinsic and intrinsic triggers for psoriasis, such as infections, stress, microbiota dysbiosis, dysregulated lipid metabolism, and hormonal imbalances, highlighting their roles in psoriasis development and recurrence.

The review discusses the complex interactions between these triggers and psoriasis, particularly the role of tissue-resident memory cells (TRM) in the skin, which contribute to disease recurrence after resolution. Infections like streptococcal throat infections, Staphylococcus aureus colonization, and Candida albicans are among the microorganisms linked to psoriasis flare-ups. Other factors, such as stress, hormonal changes, and dysregulated lipid metabolism, also exacerbate psoriasis by modulating immune responses. The article also emphasizes the importance of managing risk factors like obesity, stress, smoking, and certain medications. It suggests that early intervention targeting these triggers, including antibiotics, probiotics, and lipid-lowering treatments, could be beneficial for managing psoriasis more effectively.

Reference: Liu S, He M, Jiang J, et al. Triggers for the onset and recurrence of psoriasis: a review and update. Cell Commun Signal. 2024 Feb 12;22(1):108. doi: 10.1186/s12964-023-01381-0. PMID: 38347543; PMCID: PMC10860266.